Lipoprotein-mediated Nanoplastic Uptake and Transport Across the Placenta

About This Grant

Lipoprotein-mediated Nanoplastic Uptake and Transport Across the Placenta Project Summary/Abstract: Micro and nanoplastics (MNPs), are increasingly pervasive in our environment. Microplastics are typically defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 millimeters (5mm), while nanoplastics are even smaller, measuring less than 1 micrometer (1 µm) Originating from the degradation of plastic materials entering our landfills, oceans, and water sources, micro and nanoplastics pose significant concerns for human health. Recent research has expanded its focus on investigating the interactions between microplastics and human placenta, with the understanding of the pivotal role that the placenta has in fetal health and development. This study introduces a groundbreaking perspective aimed at addressing the substantial knowledge gap present about how microplastics translocate into placental tissue and the critical role that chylomicrons may have in facilitating this process. The working hypothesis is that chylomicron-mediated microplastic uptake compromises placental barrier function, leading to the accumulation of microplastics within the placenta and ultimately alters barrier function and cellular response. Utilizing state-of-the-art quantitative methods in previous studies, we have established that the average human placenta at full term contains 130ug/g of total plastics, predominantly comprising polyethylene (53%), polyvinylchloride (10%), and nylon (8.7%). The combination of the prior and this proposed study promises to significantly advance our understanding of the intricate interactions of microplastics, placental function, and fetal development. By gaining a broader understanding of the crucial role of chylomicrons in facilitating microplastic uptake and the consequences, thereof, this research will guide how potential mitigation of microplastic contamination may play a role on maternal and fetal health outcomes.